A bench led by Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud has asked for the original record of the order directing the taking down of the documentary from the public domain.
Journalist N Ram, advocate Prashant Bhushan are among the petitioners challenging the ban.
The Centre has blocked access to the two-part BBC documentary which claims to have investigated certain aspects of the 2002 Gujarat riots when Modi was the state's Chief Minister.
The government on Friday directed social media platforms Twitter and YouTube to block links to the series.
Earlier, External Affairs Ministry spokesperson Arindam Bagchi said the two-part docu-series was a 'propaganda piece designed to push a particular discredited narrative'.